What is HTML ?
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Before your begin:
Before you begin, it's important that you know Windows or
Unix. A working knowledge of Windows or Unix makes it much easier to learn
HTML.
You should be familiar with:
- Basic
word processing using any text editor.
- How to
create directories and files.
- How to
navigate through different directories.
- Basic
understaning on internet browsing using a browser like Internet Explorer
or Firefox etc.
Introducing HTML:
HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language,
and it is the most widely used language to write Web Pages. As its name
suggests, HTML is a markup language.
- Hypertext refers
to the way in which Web pages (HTML documents) are linked together. When
you click a link in a Web page, you are using hypertext.
- Markup
Language describes how HTML works. With a markup language, you
simply "mark up" a text document with tags that tell a Web
browser how to structure it to display.
Originally, HTML was developed with the intent of defining
the structure of documents like headings, paragraphs, lists, and so forth to
facilitate the sharing of scientific information between researchers.
All you need to do to use HTML is to learn what type of
markup to use to get the results you want.
Creating HTML Document:
Creating an HTML document is easy. To begin coding HTML you
need only two things: a simple-text editor and a web browser. Notepad is the
most basic of simple-text editors and you will probably code a fair amount of
HTML with it.
You can use our HTML
Online Editor to learn HTML. Here are the simple steps to create a
baisc HTML document:
- Open
Notepad or another text editor.
- At the
top of the page type <html>.
- On the
next line, indent five spaces and now add the opening header tag:
<head>.
- On the
next line, indent ten spaces and type <title> </title>.
- Go to
the next line, indent five spaces from the margin and insert the closing
header tag: </head>.
- Five
spaces in from the margin on the next line, type<body>.
- Now
drop down another line and type the closing tag right below its mate:
</body>.
- Finally,
go to the next line and type </html>.
- In the
File menu, choose Save As.
- In the
Save as Type option box, choose All Files.
- Name
the file template.htm.
- Click
Save.
You have basic HTML document now, to see some result put the
following code in title and body tags.
<html>
<head>
<title>This is document title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>Document description goes here.....</p>
</body>
</html>
|
Now you have created one HTML page and you
can use a Web Browser to open this HTML file to see the result. Hope you
understood that Web Pages are nothing but they are simple HTML files with some
content which can be rendered using Web Browsers.
Here <html>, <head>,...<p>, <h1>
etc. are called HTML tags. HTML tags are building blocks of an HTML document nd
we will learn all the HTML tags in subsequent chapters.
NOTE: One HTML file can have extension as .htm or .html.
So you can use either of them based on your comfort.
HTML Document Structure:
An HTML document starts and ends with <html> and
>/html> tags. These tags tell the browser that the entire document is
composed in HTML. Inside these two tags, the document is split into two sections:
- The
<head>...</head> elements, which contain information about the
document such as title of the document, author of the document etc.
Information inside this tag does not display outside.
- The
<body>...</body> elements, which contain the real content of
the document that you see on your screen.
HTML Tags and Elements:
HTML language is a markup language and we use many tags to
markup text. In the above example you have seen <html>, <body> etc.
are called HTML tags or HTML elements.
Every tag consists of a tag name, sometimes followed by an
optional list of tag attributes , all placed between opening and closing
brackets (< and >). The simplest tag is nothing more than a name
appropriately enclosed in brackets, such as <head> and <i>. More
complicated tags contain one or more attributes , which specify or modify the
behavior of the tag.
According to the HTML standard, tag and attribute names are
not case-sensitive. There's no difference in effect between <head>,
<Head>, <HEAD>, or even <HeaD>; they are all equivalent. But
with XHTML, case is important: all current standard tag and attribute names are
in lowercase.
HTML is Forgiving?
A very good quality associated with all the browsers is that
they would not give any error if you have not put any HTML tag or attribute
properly. They will just ignore that tag or attribute and will apply only
correct tags and attributes before displaying the result.
We can not say, HTML is forgiving because this is just a
markup language and required to format documents.
HTML Basic Tags
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