Difference between 1. String and StringBuffer & 2. StringBuffer and StringBuilder

There are many differences between String and StringBuffer. A list of differences between String and StringBuffer are given below:

No.	String	StringBuffer
1)	String class is immutable.	StringBuffer class is mutable.
2)	String is slow and consumes more memory when you concat too many strings because every time it creates new instance.	StringBuffer is fast and consumes less memory when you cancat strings.
3)	String class overrides the equals() method of Object class. So you can compare the contents of two strings by equals() method.	StringBuffer class doesn't override the equals() method of Object class.

Performance Test of String and StringBuffer

1. public class ConcatTest{  
2.     public static String concatWithString()    {  
3.         String t = "Java";  
4.         for (int i=0; i<10000; i++){  
5.             t = t + "Kundan";  
6.         }  
7.         return t;  
8.     }  
9.     public static String concatWithStringBuffer(){  
10.         StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("Java");  
11.         for (int i=0; i<10000; i++){  
12.             sb.append("Kundan");  
13.         }  
14.         return sb.toString();  
15.     }  
16.     public static void main(String[] args){  
17.         long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();  
18.         concatWithString();  
19.         System.out.println("Time taken by Concating with String: "+(System.currentTimeMillis()-startTime)+"ms");  
20.         startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();  
21.         concatWithStringBuffer();  
22.         System.out.println("Time taken by Concating with  StringBuffer: "+(System.currentTimeMillis()-startTime)+"ms");  
23.     }  
24. }  

Time taken by Concating with String: 578ms
Time taken by Concating with  StringBuffer: 0ms

String and StringBuffer HashCode Test

As you can see in the program given below, String returns new hashcode value when you concat string but StringBuffer returns same.

1. public class InstanceTest{  
2.     public static void main(String args[]){  
3.         System.out.println("Hashcode test of String:");  
4.         String str="java";  
5.         System.out.println(str.hashCode());  
6.         str=str+"Kundan";  
7.         System.out.println(str.hashCode());  
8.    
9.         System.out.println("Hashcode test of StringBuffer:");  
10.         StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer("java");  
11.         System.out.println(sb.hashCode());  
12.         sb.append("Kundan");  
13.         System.out.println(sb.hashCode());  
14.     }  
15. }  

Hashcode test of String:
3254818
229541438
Hashcode test of StringBuffer:
118352462
118352462

Difference between StringBuffer and StringBuilder

There are many differences between StringBuffer and StringBuilder. A list of differences between StringBuffer and StringBuilder are given below:

No.
StringBuffer
StringBuilder
1)
StringBuffer is synchronized i.e. thread safe. It means two threads can't call the methods of StringBuffer simultaneously.
StringBuilder is non-synchronized i.e. not thread safe. It means two threads can call the methods of StringBuilder simultaneously.
2)
StringBuffer is less efficient than StringBuilder.
StringBuilder is more efficient than StringBuffer.


StringBuffer Example







public class BufferTest{  
    public static void main(String[] args){  
        StringBuffer buffer=new StringBuffer("hello");  
        buffer.append("java");  
        System.out.println(buffer);  
    }  
}  




hellojava



StringBuilder Example







public class BuilderTest{  
    public static void main(String[] args){  
        StringBuilder builder=new StringBuilder("hello");  
        builder.append("java");  
        System.out.println(builder);  
    }  
}  




hellojava



Performance Test of StringBuffer and StringBuilder

Let's see the code to check the performance of StringBuffer and StringBuilder classes.







public class ConcatTest{  
    public static void main(String[] args){  
        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();  
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("Java");  
        for (int i=0; i<10000; i++){  
            sb.append("Kundan");  
        }  
        System.out.println("Time taken by StringBuffer: " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + "ms");  
        startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();  
        StringBuilder sb2 = new StringBuilder("Java");  
        for (int i=0; i<10000; i++){  
            sb2.append("Kundan");  
        }  
        System.out.println("Time taken by StringBuilder: " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + "ms");  
    }  
}  




Time taken by StringBuffer: 16ms
Time taken by StringBuilder: 0ms